Preparation of polymer surfactant to stabilize nanoparticles in organic solvents |
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Surfactants are used as emulsifier, soaker, detergent, foaming and etc. Each molecule of surfactant is made up of one polar group which is water-soluble (hydrophile) and one hydro carbonic chain which is oil-soluble (hydrophobe). If water and oil were beside each other, the solution of hydrophobic chain of surfactant in oil and the solution of hydrophilic ion of that in water, there would be a bridge between oil and water. Anionic surfactant composed of one carboxylgroup, negatively charged sulfate and/or sulfonate atthe end of one alkyl, aryl or alkyl-aryl chain andgenerally sodium, potassium, magnesium and triethanolamine salts.
Synthesis of nanoparticles by chemical reduction in thepresence of stabilizer such as surfactants and polymers(polyvinyl pyrolydin) is so common that one canchange the particle size by temperature and pH changeand stirring control. In spite of simplicity of thismethod, there are some disadvantages such as long time ofreaction. The important step during preparation of the desired size of nano particles is incubation control andprevention of accumulation of particles that one canprevent incubation by ligands, polymers or surfactants.
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Preparation and synthesis of Al2O3 based polymer nano composites |
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Metal polymer nanocomposites have ideal mechanicaland electrical properties. This mixture can beconverted to many conductive materials for reasonexistence of little slashes in polymer(less than 5nanometer) or contact points of quantum. Among four kinds of nanostructure covers,nanocomposite covers have the most usages, because by using them, chemical and physical properties canbe formed on the area of things.These covers are contained two bases and reinforcephases that the nanocrystal phase (reinforce substance) isset in amorphous phase (basis substance).Amorphous phase can be diamond like carbonCarbonitride or some other compositions with suitabletenacity and elastic modulus.
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Preparation of multiwall carbon nanotubes based polymer covers to avoid wood degradation |
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In order to maintain characteristics and properties of packaging materials during production, entering themarket and consumption, they should be covered.Coating is constituted of a layer with a thickness lowerthan substrate. The coatings have various applicationssuch as automobile industries, home applianceindustries, etc. These coatings protect surfaces whichare exposed to environmental damages such as rain,snow, salts, acidic sediments, U.V. irradiation, sunshine and humidity. Coatings can be scratched,lettered or damaged during using, fabrication andtransportation. The coating can prevent damage byfinding some new ways. Nano technology suggestscreation of nano coating. In fact, nano coatings are one species of thin layers that their dimensions are innano meter or they have a sol in which tiny particles innano dimensions are dispersed and it can give themspecial properties. One of the effective appearancesof nano technology is coating process andsubsequently the production of nano materials.
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Synthesis of silver nanoparticles |
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Nanosilvers are one of the best and most important products in nanotechnology that is applicable in medicine and various industries such as agriculture, package, ranch, cosmetic products. In nanosilver technology the Ag+ ions are suspense in the solutions, which are antibacterial, antifungal andantivirus. The Ag solution contains Ag+ ions in 10-100nanometer size, and is more stable in comparison withother solutions. Ag+ ions have more surface area dueto their small size, and have more effects on the environment.
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